Age- and gender-independent association of glutathione S-transferase null polymorphisms with chronic myeloid leukemia

Abdel Rahim Mahmoud  Muddathir; Elharam Ibrahim  Abdallah; Omar Falah  Khabour; Ream Elzain Abdelgader; Mahmoud Mohamed  Elgari

doi:10.17305/bjbms.2019.4176

Authors

Abdel Rahim Mahmoud Muddathir Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia; Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan
Elharam Ibrahim Abdallah Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan
Omar Falah Khabour Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-3104
Ream Elzain Abdelgader Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Kordofan University, El-Obeid, Sudan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-4774
Mahmoud Mohamed Elgari Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2019.4176

Keywords:

GSTs, glutathione S-transferase, null polymorphism, GSTT1, GSTM1, CML, haplotype

Abstract

The glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes encode enzymes that mediate the detoxification of xenobiotics by catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) to xenobiotic substrates. The aim of the current study is to investigate the association between GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) among Sudanese patients. Patients with CML (n = 115) were recruited to the study from the Radiation and Isotope Centre Khartoum (RICK)-Sudan. Healthy individuals (n = 104) were included as controls. Genotyping of GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms was performed using multiplex PCR. Null deletions in the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes are common in the Sudanese population (control group), with frequencies of 33.9% and 38.2%, respectively. The frequencies of GSTT1 (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.87–5.65, p < 0.001) and GSTM1 (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.25–3.67, p < 0.005) null genotypes were significantly higher in CML patients vs. controls. The distribution of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null polymorphisms was not different between male and female (p > 0.01) and young and old CML patients (p > 0.05). Hematological parameters were not affected by null polymorphisms in the patient group (p > 0.05). In addition, the frequency of GSTM1 null polymorphism was lower in advanced-phase CML patients compared to chronic-phase patients (p < 0.05). The GSTT1 and GSTM1 null polymorphisms are associated with CML among Sudanese patients, independently of their age and gender.