Analysis of Risk Factors, Localization and 30-day Prognosis of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Authors

  • Dževdet Smajlović Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuzla
  • Denisa Salihović Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuzla
  • Omer Ć. Ibrahimagić Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuzla
  • Osman Sinanović Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuzla
  • Mirjana Vidović Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tuzla

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2008.2964

Keywords:

intracerebral hemorrhage, risk factors, prognosis

Abstract

Intracerebral hemorrhage is the deadliest, most disabling and least treatable form of stroke despite progression in medical science. The aim of the study was to analyze the frequency, risk factors, localization and 30-day prognosis in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

We analyzed 352 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) hospitalized at the Department of Neurology Tuzla during a three-year follow up. The following data were collected for all patients in a computerized database: age, sex, risk factors (hypertension, heart diseases, diabetes and smoking) and CT findings. Stroke severity was estimated with Scandinavian Stroke Scale, ICH topography was specified by CT, and outcome at 1st month after onset included information on vital status and disability (modified Rankin Scale, mRS).

The most frequent risk factors were hypertension (84%), heart diseases (31%), cigarette smoking (28%) and diabetes mellitus (14%). The most frequent localization of ICH was multilobar (38%), internal capsule/basal ganglia region (36%) and lobar (17%). Within first month died 147 patients (42%). The highest mortality rate was in patients with brain stem (83%) and multilobar hemorrhage (64%). Factors independently associated with mortality were age (odds ratio 1,05 (95% confidence interval 1,02 to 1,08); p=0,001), stroke severity (OR 0,93 (0,92 to 0,95); p<0,0001), multilobar hemorrhage (OR 5,4 (3,0 to 9,6); p<0,0001) and intraventricular hemorrhage (OR 3,9 (2,2 to 7,1); p<0,0001). Favorable outcome at first month (mRS <2) had 45% of the surviving patients with ICH. The best outcome was for the patients with cerebellar hemorrhage (63%), while only 40% of the patients with hemorrhage in internal capsule/basal ganglia region had Rankin scale 2 or less.

Hypertension is the most frequent risk factor in patients with ICH. ICHs are mainly localized in lobar and internal capsule/basal ganglia regions. Independent predictors of mortality following ICH are age, hypertension, intraventricular blood extension and stroke severity. Mortality, as well as good outcome at 1 month, is related to the localization of bleeding.

Analysis of Risk Factors, Localization and 30-day Prognosis of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

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Published

20-05-2008

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Section

Translational and Clinical Research

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How to Cite

1.
Analysis of Risk Factors, Localization and 30-day Prognosis of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Biomol Biomed [Internet]. 2008 May 20 [cited 2024 Mar. 29];8(2):121-5. Available from: https://bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/2964