Antimicrobial Resistance status and prevalence rates of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producers isolated from a mixed human population.

Authors

  • Ruth A. Afunwa Department of Pharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Nigeria
  • Damian C. Odimegwu Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University
  • Romanus I. Iroha Department of Applied Microbiology, Ebonyi State University
  • Charles O. Esimone Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2011.2588

Keywords:

Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL), antibiotics, resistance plasmid, conjugation

Abstract

Owing to the increasing epidemiological and therapeutic challenges associated with infections due to ESBL producers, ESBL prevalence rate among some bacteria isolates from healthy and non-healthy human population in a metropolitan Nigerian setting was evaluated.

A total of one hundred and forty-five (145) bacteria strains were isolated from a total of four hundred and sixty (460) samples collected from urine, wound, throat and anal swabs of 220 healthy volunteers in the community and from 240 patients in 2 secondary and 2 tertiary hospitals (altogether, 4) in Enugu metropolis. The presumptive confirmatory test used for ESBL detection was the Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) method. Conjugation and plasmid curing studies were also done for resistance factor determination.

Of the 145 isolates, 20 were ESBL producers with 35% of these ESBL producers being of community origin and 65% from hospitals. This translates to 4.8% and 9% incidences (comparably higher than established prevalence of 4.4% and 7.5 respectively) for community and hospital infections respectively. The ESBL isolates showed high resistance to tetracycline, gentamicin, pefloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin and Augmentin® (Amoxicilin and clavulanic acid combination). Conjugation studies for Resistance plasmid transfer showed non-transference of resistance determinants between the ESBL transconjugants and recipient strains. Correspondingly, the plasmid curing studies revealed that the acridine orange could not effect a cure on the isolates as they still retained high resistance to the antibiotics after the treatment.

This study confirms the growing incidences/pool of ESBL strains in Nigeria and call for widespread and continuous monitoring towards an effective management of the potential therapeutic hurdle posed by this trend.

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Published

20-05-2011

Issue

Section

Microbiology

How to Cite

1.
Antimicrobial Resistance status and prevalence rates of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producers isolated from a mixed human population. Biomol Biomed [Internet]. 2011 May 20 [cited 2024 Mar. 28];11(2):91-6. Available from: https://bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/2588